walnuts

Scientific Name: Juglans regia

Flavour: Walnuts have a rich, nutty flavour with a slight bitterness. They offer a robust and earthy taste that can be enjoyed in both sweet and savory dishes.

Growing Season: Walnuts generally start to bear nuts in late summer or early autumn. The growing season for walnuts extends from spring to fall, with the nuts maturing and ready for harvest in autumn.

Native Region: Walnuts are native to regions of Asia, including the Middle East. They have been cultivated in Europe, including the British Isles, for centuries.

Traditional Recipe: Walnut Pesto

Ingredients:

  • 2 cups of fresh basil leaves

  • 1 cup of walnuts

  • 2 cloves of garlic

  • 1/2 cup of grated Parmesan cheese

  • 1/2 cup of extra-virgin olive oil

  • Salt and pepper to taste

Instructions:

  1. In a food processor or blender, combine the basil leaves, walnuts, garlic, and grated Parmesan cheese.

  2. Process the ingredients until they are roughly chopped and well combined.

  3. Slowly add the extra-virgin olive oil while continuing to process, until the pesto reaches a smooth and creamy consistency.

  4. Season with salt and pepper to taste.

  5. Transfer the walnut pesto to a jar or airtight container and store it in the refrigerator.

  6. Use the pesto as a sauce for pasta, a spread on sandwiches, or a topping for grilled vegetables.

Health Properties: Walnuts are a nutrient-dense food, rich in healthy fats, fiber, vitamins, and minerals. They are an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acids, which are beneficial for heart health. Walnuts also contain antioxidants and polyphenols, which may help reduce inflammation and support brain health. However, it's important to consume walnuts in moderation due to their high calorie content.

Growing Technique:

Location: Walnuts thrive in areas with well-drained soil and full sun exposure. They require ample space to grow, as mature trees can reach significant heights and widths.

Planting: Plant walnut trees in well-prepared soil during the dormant season, typically in late winter or early spring. Dig a hole large enough to accommodate the root ball of the young tree, ensuring the bud union (graft point) is above the soil line.

Pollination: Most walnut varieties are wind-pollinated, but it's beneficial to plant more than one tree to ensure cross-pollination and better nut production.

Maintenance: Keep the soil around the tree consistently moist but not waterlogged. Mulching around the base of the tree can help retain moisture and suppress weed growth.

Pruning: Prune walnut trees during the dormant season to maintain shape, remove dead or damaged wood, and improve airflow. Prune lower branches to ensure adequate clearance from the ground.

Harvesting: Walnuts are typically ready for harvest in late summer or early autumn when the outer husk has started to split and the inner shell is mature. Collect fallen nuts from the ground or use a long pole to gently shake the tree and dislodge ripe nuts. Remove the outer husk and allow the nuts to dry further before storing.